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Patrick Francis Healy (February 27, 1830 – January 10, 1910) was the 29th President of Georgetown University (1874–1882), known for expanding the school following the American Civil War. Healy Hall, a National Historic Landmark, was constructed during Healy's tenure and is named after him. Although he was accepted as and identified as Irish-American during his lifetime, in the 1960s the history of Healy's mixed-race ancestry became more widely known, and he was recognized as the first African American to earn a PhD; the first to become a Jesuit priest; and the first to be president of Georgetown University or any predominantly white college.〔(A.D. Powell, XVIII. "When Are Irish-Americans Not Good Enough to Be Irish-American? Racial Kidnapping and the Healy Family", in ''Passing for What You Really Are: Essays in Support of Multiracial Whiteness'' ), Palm Coast, Florida: Backintyme, 2005, accessed 8 February 2011〕 ==Biography== Patrick, as he was known, was born into slavery in Macon, Georgia, to the Irish-American plantation owner Michael Healy and his bi-racial slave Mary Eliza. Because of the law of slavery that children took the status of the mother, by the principle of ''partus sequitur ventrum'', Patrick and his siblings were legally considered slaves, although their father was free and they were three-quarters or more European in ancestry. Patrick was the third son of Mary Eliza and Michael Morris Healy, who had joined in a common-law marriage in 1829. After Patrick's father Michael bought his mother Mary Eliza, he fell in love with her and made her his common-law wife. The law prohibited their marriage, but they lived together all their lives. Discriminatory laws in Georgia prohibited the education of slaves and required legislative approval for each act of manumission, so Michael Healy arranged for all his children to leave Georgia and move to the North to obtain their educations and have opportunities in their lives. They were raised as Irish Catholics. Patrick's brothers and sisters were nearly all educated in Catholic schools and colleges. They nearly all achieved notable firsts for Americans of mixed-race ancestry during the second half of the 19th century, making the Healy family of Georgia a notable one. Healy sent his older sons first to a Quaker school in Flushing, New York. Despite the Quakers' emphasis on equality, Patrick met some discrimination during his grade school years, chiefly because his father owned slaves, which the Quakers considered unforgivable. As an Irish Catholic, he also met some resistance in the school.〔("Patrick Francis Healy" ), Library, Georgetown University 〕 When Michael Healy heard of a new Jesuit college, the College of the Holy Cross in Worcester, Massachusetts, he sent his four oldest sons, including Patrick, to study there in 1844. (It had high school-level classes as well.) They were joined at Holy Cross by their younger brother Michael in 1849. Following Patrick's graduation in 1850, he entered the Jesuit order and continued his studies. The order sent him to Europe to study in 1858. His mixed-race ancestry had become an issue in the United States, where tensions were rising over slavery. He attended the Catholic University of Leuven in Belgium, earning his doctorate, becoming the first American of openly acknowledged part-African descent to do so. During this period he was also ordained to the priesthood on September 3, 1864. In 1866 Healy returned to the United States and taught philosophy at Georgetown University in Washington, DC. On July 31, 1874 he was selected as the school's twenty-ninth president. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Patrick Francis Healy」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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